![]() ![]() Keywords: pica, eating disorder, iron deficiency anaemia, case report. We are convinced that pica is an important pointer to iron deficiency and clinicians should suspect occult blood loss in a patient presenting with pica symptoms. Both our patients responded well to managing the primary cause of blood loss and iron supplementation. Both presented with haematological parameters diagnostic of iron deficiency anaemia.Ĭonclusion: Despite being practised for centuries, the clinical significance of pica symptoms is often not recognised particularly among the younger physicians. The second is 15- year old African girl who presented with bleeding from the nose, habitual smelling of soil, consuming ice packs and chewing rubber bands. The first is a 25-year old African woman with abnormal uterine bleeding presenting with a fondness for eating clay, cold drinks, and icepacks. We present two case reports with a somewhat unusual nature of presentation attributed to iron deficiency. I ntroduction: Pica is a mysterious condition characterised by patients developing cravings for non- nutritive substances that may escalate into serious medical complications. If you’re craving other nonfood things, ask them about how to treat the issue.Author(s): Azan A Nyundo (a), Godfrey Mwasada (b), Bonaventura C.T Mpondo (c)Ī Department of Internal Medicine (Division of Psychiatry), School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Dodoma, Dodoma, Tanzaniaī Paradise Specialized Clinic, Mbeya, TanzaniaĬ Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Dodoma, Dodoma, TanzaniaĬorrespondence: Azan A Nyundo They can help ensure that you and your baby are getting the right nutrients for healthy growth and development. If you think you have pica, let your OB-GYN know right away - even if the only nonfood thing you crave is ice. In serious cases, pica can lead to other health complications like infections, stomach irritation, a blockage in your digestive tract, vomiting, and weight loss. They might also make you feel full, leading you to not eat enough of the nutritious food you and your baby need. It’s important to note that sometimes pica and nonfood cravings can be directly harmful to your health if you’re eating other nonfood things.įor example, eating nonfood items like paper, clay, or dirt can make you ill. However, the potential underlying cause of craving ice in pica - like anemia - might be harmful to you and your baby. ![]() If you’re just craving ice and enjoy munching on ice chips, this isn’t particularly risky for you and your baby (as long as you don’t chip a tooth!). Pica itself is not always harmful, but addressing its underlying causes can help prevent its associated risks. They also observed that many participants sought the nonfood items because they were appealing and felt the scent or taste helped alleviate their nausea. The researchers noted that some participants believed that the white clay and ice had nutritional value. The most common items consumed were white clay and ice. The study also found that 47.5 percent of the women had some form of pica during pregnancy. a history of or cultural exposure to eating nonfood items, such as eating clay as medicine in some cultures.poor nutrition or nutrient deficiencies.One study in 286 pregnant women in Ghana noted that pregnant women most at risk of pica may include those who have: If you’re pregnant, you’re at a higher risk of anemia from not getting enough iron or B vitamins. This issue may also arise if nausea and vomiting limit the amount of nutrients you’re taking in.Ī deficiency in important minerals like iron and zinc may trigger pica. Sometimes the increased demands of pregnancy may lead to a nutrient deficiency. Your body needs proper nutrition to support your pregnancy. One reason why your body might crave nonfood items is that you’re not getting adequate nutrient intake.ĭuring pregnancy, the foods you eat supply your own needs, as well as those of your growing baby. Some of its causes might explain why it’s more common in pregnant women. ![]()
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![]() Each behavior basic interactive notebook page comes in two versions and is all black/white for easy printing.Įach behavior basics interactive notebook activity comes with clear, visual instructions for students. It includes one page to create, shown below. Here is a hands on, interactive notebook activity to help generalize the skill of keeping their hands and feet to themself. While coloring students can discuss what they are coloring and why it relates to the behavior of the week. There are two levels to these sticks to make for easy differentiation within your classroom: Coloring Pagesĭisguise learning in a fun way with coloring pages. Teach students to simply raise the yes/no stick to answer the question. Teachers are able to add to these questions how they see fit for their kids needs or to elaborate to require more than a yes/no answer.Īlso included are student response sticks. A staff discussion page, student participation sticks and student response worksheets are all included with 10 yes/no questions. 4: (2 versions) One page social story with higher level text & one page social story with higher level text with one real image photoįollowing direct instruction with social stories, you can facilitate a classroom discussion.3: One page social story paired with one real image photo.2: One page social story with picture supports.1: Simple book with one picture per page.Social stories also help visual leaners and students with limited reading ability.įour levels of social stories are also included: Social Stories (4 levels)įor direct instruction, use a social story to teach the behavior skill of keeping their hands and feet to themself. Some teachers may decide to send home a copy of the social story as well. Two formats are provided for you: a half sheet parent newsletter and a newsletter/ homework worksheet are included. ![]() It is important to communicate with families when working on big skills such as behavior to generalize the skills in all settings. It includes the title of the behavior lesson and one real photo. The three individual components that make up the entire program are:Ī poster is also included to post in your classroom to easily reference throughout the week of instruction. To learn more about the Behavior Basics Program, read all about it HERE. Direct instruction, discussions, interactive activities, review pages, reading extension activities and data collection make this program a complete program to meet student, teacher, parent and administrative needs. What is Behavior Basics?īehavior basics uses direct instruction each week to build strong students and it also sets them up for success in learning and in life. It can also be transferred when students are in the community and interacting with known and unknown people. This skill can be generalized to all environments with the school setting. This skill is a life-long social skill that students will need to master to form and maintain appropriate relationships. Other students are more likely to want to associate and be friends with them. Student who can keep their hands and feet to themselves are able to demonstrate respect for their teachers and classmates. It is important that all students kindergarten through graduation keep their hands and feet to themselves and follow their school expectations so all students feel safe. When students are upset they need to use their words to express their feelings rather than using their hands and feet to show their feelings. Students need to demonstrate understanding of personal space. Students must learn to keep their hands and feet to themselves at all times. ![]() This means that if you click and end up purchasing, you pay no extra cost, but I earn a small fee for referring you. ![]() Today I am going to talk to you about teaching students to keep their hands and feet to themselves. Teaching students how to behave and to set expectations is a huge component of any classroom management system and is also a necessity in todays world. Social Emotional Learning should be a component of every classroom. ![]() ![]() ![]() Subscribe to the leading Human Resources Magazine to receive exclusive news and insights directly to your inbox.The human resources budget refers to the funds that HR allocates to all HR processes enterprise-wide. ![]() If the head of the organization cuts the budget, the senior management team who are supporters will be able to give HR everything they want as they are better aware of the top 1-2 goals for the department will be able to get the funds out. This is to ensure the funds directed in the budget doesn’t get cut or restricted.
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![]() ![]() Just select Option 7 to bring you to a menu of choices. There is an automated script built in the installer so installation and startup is a breeze.If you already have NodeJS and pm2 installed on your system, you can skip this step (which is a one-time thing).Run Option 6 to install NodeJS and pm2.You may be presented with the installer main menu once you shut your bot down. die in your Discord server or exiting the process with Ctrl+C. Setting up pm2/NodeJS for Nadekoīefore proceeding, make sure your bot is not running by either running. These are just a few features of pm2, and it is a great way to run Nadeko with stability. Lastly, there is proper error logging and overall logging. ![]() It also persists on server restart, so you can restart your server or computer and pm2 will manage the startup of your bot. Besides, it handles disconnections and shutdowns gracefully, ensuring any leftover processes are properly killed. Nadeko can be run using pm2, a process manager that seamlessly handles keeping your bot up. Setting up, Running and Updating Nadeko with pm2 It will work just fine, however it's strongly advised that you use Nadeko with a process manager like pm2 or tmux, as they will keep Nadeko running in the background, freeing up your terminal for other tasks. You can now choose Option 3 and have Nadeko run with auto restart. die to shut it down and return to the main menu.
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